A MAC address (Media Access Control address) is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment. This address is usually assigned by the network interface manufacturer and is stored in the NIC’s hardware. MAC addresses are used in most IEEE 802 network technologies, including Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.
MAC addresses play a crucial role in network communication by enabling devices to identify each other on a network. They are also used for various network management and security purposes, such as access control, traffic monitoring, and network troubleshooting. The MAC address is a critical component of network connectivity and ensures the smooth flow of data between devices on a network.